Are you up for a Q and A challenge?
👋Hey peeps!
Hopefully you guys are up for a Q and A challenge today. Here's the deal. 👨🏫I'll ask you a bunch of questions and hopefully you would do some homework and answer them.
Mind you the questions, though not difficult, may require some reading. So feel free to browse our website or go through your textbooks for an answer. So, moving on to the questions!
📝Questions
Dysplastic oral epithelium is termed “oral epithelial dysplasia”. When the dysplastic epithelial cells have invaded the connective tissue the lesion is termed "oral squamous cell carcinoma". However, there is an epithelial carcinomatous lesion that is an exception to this rule (no epithelial invasion). Could you name the lesion?
How do you differentiate periapical pathologies like periapical cysts or granulomas from periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia (PCOD)?
The intact basal cells in Pemphigus Vulgaris resemble a row of tombstones. Can you recollect any other lesion/tumor of the oral cavity, whose histology also shows basal cells having a tombstone appearance?
As Oral Submucous Fibrosis progresses, it is noted (under the microscope) that the blood vessels begin to constrict and are obliterated in advanced stages. a) Why does this happen? b) Does this have any effect?
💡Scroll down👇 for the answers if you get stuck!
📚Here are some resources you could read from
Revision Ninja - Oral Pathology and Medicine(Notes, Videos & MCQs)
Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Chi A. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. South Asian ed. Elsevier; 2016.
Rajendran R, Sivapathasundaram B. Shafer’s Textbook of Oral Pathology. 7th ed. Elsevier; 2012.
Regezzi JA, Sciubba JJ, Jordan RCK. Oral Pathology: Clinical Pathologic Correlations. 5 th ed. Elsevier; 2007.
📚Study resources on HackDentistry!
Answers👇
Dysplastic oral epithelium is termed “oral epithelial dysplasia”. When the dysplastic epithelial cells have invaded the connective tissue the lesion is termed "oral squamous cell carcinoma". However, there is an epithelial carcinomatous lesion that is an exception to this rule (no epithelial invasion). Could you name the lesion?
Ans 👇
An exception to this rule is Verrucous carcinoma (VC) where there is no connective tissue invasion by the epithelium. VC has an intact basement membrane and shows endophytic growth pattern.
How do you differentiate periapical pathologies like periapical cysts or granulomas from periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia (PCOD)?
Ans 👇
PCODs and periapical inflammatory lesions like periapical cysts or granulomas may appear similar in radiographs. This, however, is the case only if PCOD appears radiolucent.
PCOD almost always occurs as multiple lesions, while periapical inflammatory pathologies like cysts or granulomas occur as single lesions associated with the periapex of a carious tooth.
Teeth associated with PCODs are always vital (unless co-incidentally carious). Teeth associated with periapical cysts or granulomas are always non-vital.
The intact basal cells in Pemphigus Vulgaris resemble a row of tombstones. Can you recollect any other lesion/tumor of the oral cavity, whose histology also shows basal cells having a tombstone appearance?
Ans 👇
The basal epithelial cells in odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) are cuboidal to columnar and palisaded, described as having a picket fence or “tomb stone appearance”.
As Oral Submucous Fibrosis progresses, it is noted (under the microscope) that the blood vessels begin to constrict and are obliterated in advanced stages. a) Why does this happen? b) Does this have any effect?
Ans 👇
a) Progressive fibrosis of the connective tissue in OSF could cause obliteration of blood vessels and reduction in vascularity. Also there are studies reporting arecoline to possibly have cytotoxic effects on endothelial cells leading to impairment of vascular function.
b) The hypoxic environment due to reduced vascularity is one of the many reasons OSF can progress to malignancy.